Statistics Calculator — Mean, Median, Mode & Standard Deviation
This calculator computes the most commonly needed descriptive statistics for any dataset — useful for students, researchers, and anyone analyzing a set of numbers.
Mean, Median, and Mode Explained
Mean is the simple average — sum of all values divided by count. Median is the middle value when data is sorted — less affected by extreme outliers than mean. Mode is the most frequently occurring value(s) in the dataset.
Standard Deviation
Standard deviation measures how spread out your data is from the mean. A small standard deviation means data points cluster closely around the mean; a large one means data is widely scattered. This calculator uses the population standard deviation formula.
Frequently Asked Questions
What's the difference between population and sample standard deviation? +
Population standard deviation (used here) divides by N (total count). Sample standard deviation divides by N-1, giving a slightly larger value — used when your data is a sample representing a larger population, not the entire population itself.
When should I use median instead of mean? +
Use median when your data has outliers or is skewed (e.g., income data, where a few very high earners would distort the mean). Median better represents the 'typical' value in such cases.
What if my data has no mode? +
If every value appears exactly once, technically there's no mode (or every value is equally modal, which is the same as saying there's no meaningful mode). This calculator will indicate 'No mode' in such cases.